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Who decides which parent is more suited to be the custodian and how?

The Israeli court having jurisdiction over the custody proceedings. At first level, this is usually the familly court, but can be a religious court, in certain circumstances.  Custody will be awarded to the parent who has superior parenting ability and skills, usually on the basis of recommendations of reports prepared by professionals such as a social worker and/or  a clinical pyschologist. The court must make a decision in the 'child's good'  and is usually guided by the professional/'s recommendation, but is  not bound to follow it.